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Tragus berteronianus

Schult. (1824)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Tragus

bertero goatgrass, bur grass

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annuals.

Stems: Culms erect or decumbent at base, 1–2.5 dm tall, pubescent below racemes.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades thick, firm, 1.5–2 cm long or the uppermost vestigial, 1–3 mm wide, cartilaginous. Surfaces glabrous but long-ciliate at the edges of the collar. Margins undulate, pubescent with stiff white hairs. Veins parallel. Sheaths 1–3 cm long, glabrous, striate, the uppermost often dilated; ligule ciliate, 0.5–0.7 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in racemes 3–7 cm long, 4–5 mm in diameter, often enclosed within the uppermost sheaths, rachis slender, pubescent. Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; subterete; 2–3 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Stamens 3. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Caryopsis golden brown; 1.2–1.5 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 20

Habitat: Common along roadsides and in arid; disturbed sites.

Elevation Range: 25–260 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Mant. 2: 205 (1824)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1601 (Mo, M, Ka); Snow & Davidse 2011:20 (O); Oppenheimer 2013:18 (L); Faccenda 2023c:93 (KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Tragus berteronianus Aleale Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 8787 Kahoolawe BISH 2000-11-30
2 Tragus berteronianus Puu Koae Islet Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1951 Kahoolawe BISH 1984-02-11
3 Tragus berteronianus Diamond Head, northern rim Preserved_Specimen SESP Oahu BISH
4 Tragus berteronianus NONE Preserved_Specimen Carew, E. Maui BISH 1905-04-19
5 Tragus berteronianus Kihei Preserved_Specimen Herbarium Experiment Station, HSPA Maui BISH 1936-03-05
6 Tragus berteronianus Puhehui, Makawao Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) Maui BISH 1953-05-12
7 Tragus berteronianus Launiupoko, Haniu St. Irrigated roadside Preserved_Specimen Rare, only one plant seen Faccenda, K. 2742 Maui BISH 2022-10-22
8 Tragus berteronianus Paomai, Puumaiekahi Gulch. Occasional in degraded area with large axis deer population. Vegetation: Degraded Erythrina Lowland Dry Forest. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 101806 Lanai BISH 2018-10-09
9 Tragus berteronianus Transect C1 - from Lua Makika to area above Hakioawa Beach, in gully In gully Preserved_Specimen Char, W.P. 78.037 Kahoolawe BISH 1978-11-23
10 Tragus berteronianus East Maui, W slope of Haleakala Common along rocky arid coast. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19347 Maui BISH 1948-12-31
11 Tragus berteronianus Transect 17, east Kamiloloa Ridge Along jeep trail at lower elevations. Preserved_Specimen Char, W.P. 82.056 Molokai BISH 1982-11-30
12 Tragus berteronianus Smuggler's Cove, along road a few hundred yards N, next to beach Next to beach. Preserved_Specimen Small patch about 20 feet long. Corn, C. Kahoolawe BISH 1978-03-29
13 Tragus berteronianus Transect C3 In Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Char, W.P. 78.054 Kahoolawe BISH 1978-11-24
14 Tragus berteronianus Kalaeloa, Coral Sea Rd., about 100 m S of Independence St Roadside weed, full sun Preserved_Specimen Annual, common, over 100 plants along the road at this location, but otherwise this grass was rather uncommon on the 'Ewa plain Faccenda, K. 2998 Oahu BISH 2023-01-17
15 Tragus berteronianus W Maui, Lahaina District, opposite Manuohule In gulch. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5790 Maui BISH 1988-03-03
16 Tragus berteronianus Papawai Point, Ukumehame On loose rock beside highway, with Sida. Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. 28 Maui BISH 1955-12-18
17 Tragus berteronianus NW part of island near Makaalai Point Common in Prosopis scrub with Chloris virgata the dominant ground cover. Preserved_Specimen A small grass. Cuddihy, L.W. Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-21
18 Tragus berteronianus Manele, near Leinohaunui Point. Naturalized in sandy soil under kiawe trees. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 21114 Lanai BISH 2011-02-17
19 Tragus berteronianus Keokea, Kula Abundant in dry place. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1760 Maui BISH 1937-01-27
20 Tragus berteronianus Rt 450, c.a. 12 km E of Kaunakakai Roadside weed in sunny, dry area Preserved_Specimen Uncommon, only a dozen plants were seen at this location, but this species became more common when heading towards Kaunakakai Faccenda, K. 2973 Molokai BISH 2022-12-30
21 Tragus berteronianus Pulehu, Wailuku Dry place Preserved_Specimen Abundant Hosaka, E.Y. 1760 Maui BISH 1937-01-27
22 Tragus berteronianus Kapiolani Community College, NW corner of Lama Building. Growing in compact soil in full sun, not irrigated. Preserved_Specimen Annual, cespitose, ca. 8-10 cm tall. <10 plants seen., Ross, M.C. 1881 Oahu BISH 2023-01-26
23 Tragus berteronianus Wailuku, Pulehu Abundant in dry place. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1760 Maui BISH 1937-01-27
24 Tragus berteronianus Kaluakoi District; Waieli Roadside weed in wsate area near sand stock piles. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5726 Molokai BISH 1976-03-09
25 Tragus berteronianus Kihei Preserved_Specimen Herbarium Experiment Station, HSPA Maui BISH 1936-03-05
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